Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk due to Prevalence ofBRCA1andBRCA2Variants in Pakistani Population: A Pakistani Database Report

Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk due to Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Variants in Pakistani Population: A Pakistani Database Report

Introduction. Pakistani population has a very rich anthrogeneological background with waves of migration from neighboring regions. Incidence rates of breast and ovarian cancer in Pakistan are on such a rapid rise that it is necessary to check the contributory factors, genetic and nongenetic. An insight into the prevalence data emphasizes the formulation of a BRCA1 and BRCA2 database for the Pak...

Prevalence of Gynaecomastia in Male Pakistani Population

Dry socket -Prevalence and risk factors in a Pakistani Population

The term dry socket was first used by Crawford in 1896 (1). It is one of the most common postoperative complications and many different terms have since then been used to describe the condition. For example: Alveolar osteitis, localized osteitis, postoperative alveolitis, alveolalgia, alveolitis sicca dolorosa, septic dry socket, necrotic socket, localized osteomyelitis and fibrinolytic alveoli...

Genetic Polymorphism of CYP2C19 in Pakistani Population

CYP2C19 polymorphism is associated with pretreatment drug response prediction, metabolism, and disposition. Pakistan consists of a population comprising of various ethnic groups residing in different regions of the country each claiming diverse ethnic origins. The identification of CYP450 genotypic composition of these populations is therefore necessary to avoid adverse drug reactions in these ...

Prevalence of Gynaecomastia in Male Pakistani Population

Gynaecomastia has an overall incidence of 32 to 40%.1 The highest prevalaence is found in old age and up to 65% in men.2 The breast tissue growth is dependent on the balance between the oestrogens and androgens; thus any physiological or pathological factor that can interfere with this balance, can result in gynaecomastia.2 Physiologically, it can be neonatal, pubertal or senile. Pathologically...